westcoast nurs521 Week 2 Ethical Frameworks Essay latest 2017 october

Week 2 Ethical
Frameworks Essay

Consider the “Four Topics Approach” (or Four Box method) to
ethical decision making on page 61, Table 2.1 in Butts (below). Apply this model to a challenging situation
in your nursing career that required you to consider the ethical dimensions of
the patient case and the role you played in providing care. Specifically apply
and address the questions within each topic area as they pertain to your
situation.

In your conclusion, discuss the impact of the Four Topics
process. Did applying these principles shape your decision making in any
way? Does this seem like a valid process
for you to apply in your practice?

Your paper should be 1-2 pages. Adhere to APA formatting
throughout, and cite any outside sources you may use.

Review the rubric for further information on how your
assignment will be graded.

Optional: You may download this pdf, complete it using
correct grammar and APA, and submit it as your assignment in lieu of writing a
paper. *You will need Adobe Acrobat in order to utilize this fillable .pdf
form.

Due: Sunday, 11:59 p.m. (Pacific time)

Points: 60

TABLE 2-1 Four Topics Method for Analysis of Clinical Ethics
Cases

Medical Indications: The Principles of Beneficence and
Nonmaleficence

1. What is the patient’s medical problem? Is the problem
acute? Chronic? Critical? Reversible? Emergent? Terminal?

2. What are the goals
of treatment?

3. In what
circumstances are medical treatments not indicated?

4. What are the
probabilities of success of various treatment options?

5. In sum, how can
this patient be benefited by medical and nursing care, and how can harm be
avoided?

Patient Preferences:
The Principle of Respect for Autonomy

1. Has the patient been informed of benefits and risks,
understood this information, and given consent?

2. Is the patient
mentally capable and legally competent, and is there evidence of incapacity?

3. If mentally
capable, what preferences about treatment is the patient stating?

4. If incapacitated,
has the patient expressed prior preferences?

5. Who is the
appropriate surrogate to make decisions for the incapacitated patient?

6. Is the patient
unwilling or unable to cooperate with medical treatment? If so, why?

Quality of Life: The Principles of Beneficence and
Nonmaleficence and Respect for Autonomy

1. What are the
prospects, with or without treatment, for a return to normal life, and what
physical, mental, and social deficits might the patient experience even if
treatment succeeds?

2. On what grounds
can anyone judge that some quality of life would be undesirable for a patient
who cannot make or express such a judgment?

3. Are there biases
that might prejudice the provider’s evaluation of the patient’s quality of
life?

4. What ethical
issues arise concerning improving or enhancing a patient’s quality of life?

5. Do quality-of-life
assessments raise any questions regarding changes in treatment plans, such as
forgoing life-sustaining treatment?

6. What are plans and
rationale to forgo life-sustaining treatment?

7. What is the legal
and ethical status of suicide?

Contextual Features: The Principles of Justice and Fairness

1. Are there
professional, interprofessional, or business interests that might create conflicts
of interest in the clinical treatment of patients?

2. Are there parties
other than clinicians and patients, such as family members, who have an
interest in clinical decisions?

3. What are the
limits imposed on patient confidentiality by the legitimate interests of third
parties?

4. Are there
financial factors that create conflicts of interest in clinical decisions?

5. Are there problems
of allocation of scarce health resources that might affect clinical decisions?

6. Are there
religious issues that might influence clinical decisions?

7. What are the legal
issues that might affect clinical decisions?

8. Are there
considerations of clinical research and education that might affect clinical
decisions?

9. Are there issues
of public health and safety that affect clinical decisions?

10. Are there
conflicts of interest within institutions and organizations (e.g., hospitals)
that may affect clinical decisions and patient welfare?

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