Walden NURS6630 2021 November Week 11 Final Quiz Latest

NURS6630 Psychopharmalogical Approaches to Treat Psychopathology

Week 11 Final Quiz  

•  Question 1     Which of the following drugs is structurally similar to tramadol; thus, its opioid-mediated analgesia can be reversed by naloxone in mice?                                 

•  Question 2     FILL IN THE BLANK: ___________ is the main neurotransmitter behind reward systems in the brain, which usually leads to addiction when altered in any way.                                        

•  Question 3     Which club drug is structurally similar to GABA?                                

•  Question 4     Y. R. is a 35-year-old woman who presents to your clinic today complaining of ankle pain. She said she was running the trail when she saw a snake. During a quick turn to run away from the snake, she twisted her ankle. Which of the following medications may be a good choice in helping Y. R. with her pain?                                  

•  Question 5     Select the correct description of a somatoform disorder.                                             

•  Question 6     In the pathophysiology of Alzheimer’s Disease, there are certain proteins that lead to the plaques and tangles that result in this progressive, irreversible brain disorder. Choose the appropriate protein with its corresponding pathology.

I.             Tau – tangles

II.            Beta-amyloid – tangles

III.           Tau – plaques

IV.          Beta-amyloid – plaques                                               

•  Question 7     Drug addiction includes many prescription medications and illegal substances. Of the drugs listed, which ones can be withdrawn abruptly WITHOUT medical intervention to prevent withdraw seizures?                               

•  Question 8     What is the difference between Ritalin and Focalin?                                       

•  Question 9     What should our treatment goal be with our patients when it comes to managing chronic pain?

•  Question 10   Which of the following psychiatric conditions is present in both domains (i.e., core psychopathology & pain-related psychological symptoms) of chronic pain that will likely lead to an outcome of disability, pain, and poor quality of life?                                      

•  Question 11   Patient is a 10-year-old female with diagnosed ADHD who was started on Ritalin 5 mg twice a day over 2 months ago. She is still experiencing the triad of symptoms associated with ADHD (impaired attention, impulsivity, and excessive motor activity). Her mother reports that she is now having difficulty in falling asleep since starting the medication. She has been on no other anti-ADHD medications and the mother reports full compliance with medication regimen. What is the appropriate recommendation to make based on this scenario?                     

•  Question 12   Which medication below should be routine for all suspected cases of alcohol intoxication and dependence?                                               

•  Question 13   The experience of pain is ALWAYS subjective                                    

•  Question 14   Which of the following alcohol screening tools lack sensitivity to detect hazardous/problem drinking?                                    

•  Question 15   Patient is a 75-year-old female with a confirmed diagnosis of Alzheimer’s Disease. She is currently on Donepezil 10 mg daily. She is accompanied to your clinic today by her daughter, who informs you that her mother has recently had an increase in depressive symptoms. She has no history of mood disorders. She has a history of hypertension and tonic-clonic seizures, but both are controlled. Assuming this patient will be thoroughly evaluated for the diagnosis of depression, what would you recommend as initial therapy?                                       

•  Question 16   Daytrana is the MPH transdermal system of methylphenidate approved for the treatment of ADHD in children aged 6 years and older. What is the difference in terms of the metabolism compared to the other formulations in this class?                                           

•  Question 17   Choose the correct statement regarding medications used for alcoholism                                            

•  Question 18   Select the correct treatment regarding drugs involved in addiction management and their corresponding mechanism of action.                                    

•  Question 19   Which of the following drugs is often used in the management of opioid addiction due to its ceiling effect?                                               

•  Question 20   Of the following medications, which one is contraindicated with stimulants such as Ritalin or Adderall?                                  

•  Question 21   Disulfiram has been proven effective in the treatment of alcoholism, but recently it has been trialed in the management of cocaine addiction. What is the mechanism of action that likely helps produce these aversive effects?                                   

•  Question 22   Of the following neurotransmitters, which ones play a critical role in modulating attention in ADHD?

V.            Dopamine

VI.          Epinephrine

VII.         GABA

VIII.        Norepinephrine

IX.           Glutamate                                         

•  Question 23   A new patient presents to your clinic today. The patient is a 13-year-old boy who complains that he has no interest in anything. The patient states, “I just want to sleep more than I normally do, and I don’t care much for playing my video games anymore.” His mother states he cannot focus on anything for more than a few minutes at a time, and that he often gets in trouble at school because he cannot sit still. What would you recommend at this time?                                      

               

•  Question 24   T. C. is an 88-year-old male who is diagnosed at your clinic with Dementia with Lewy Bodies. He currently has some debilitating gait issues, which makes his quality of life very poor. His memory is still intact with minor deficits. Which medication would likely benefit T. C. as his initial therapy?                                             

•  Question 25   What baseline levels should you perform before initiating an anti-ADHD medication?                    

•  Question 26   If a patient is being managed for chronic pain and is not getting better after months of therapy with multiple agents (i.e., NSAIDs with opioids, muscle relaxants with NSAIDs, etc.), what should be your next step in helping the patient?

X.            Add a high-dose opioid if patient is not already on the maximum dose.

XI.           Assess for a co-morbid psychiatric condition.

XII.         Tell the patient you have exhausted all your options and there is nothing more you can do.

XIII.        Refer the patient for a second opinion.                                

•  Question 27   E. B., a 55-year-old female, is a patient at your clinic today who has a past medical history significant for breast cancer, hypertension, hepatic cirrhosis, type 2 diabetes, and a recent diagnosis of alcohol use disorder. She has no known drug allergies. She states she is ready to quit drinking but fears the cravings that it may bring. Which medication would you recommend for E. B. to begin?                                           

•  Question 28   Which of the following drugs in the treatment of Alzheimer’s Disease requires administration with food?                                               

•  Question 29   If a patient suffers from a multitude of small strokes and later begins experiencing mood disturbances in an acute fashion that sometimes resolve, from what type of dementia would you think that patient may suffer?                                   

•  Question 30   Which medication below would you use in addition to benzodiazepine treatment if the patient is experiencing psychosis during alcohol withdrawal delirium?                                       

•  Question 31   Select all the criteria for what is considered “At-Risk Drinking.”

XIV.        Women: > 7 drinks in any given week

XV.         Men: > 4 drinks per day

XVI.        Women: > 4 drinks per day

XVII.      Men: > 14 drinks per week                                         

•  Question 32   L. J. is a 55-year-old male who attended a funeral and found himself laughing during the service, but later that evening he was irritated with himself for what he had done. His wife said this was abnormal behavior and took him to his doctor to be evaluated. After L. J.’s MRI was reviewed, he was diagnosed with frontotemporal dementia. Which medication is recommended to help L. J. with his emotional outbursts?                                

•  Question 33   Benzodiazepines can be withdrawn abruptly despite duration of therapy/abuse.                                             

•  Question 34   Choose the correct statement regarding an anti-ADHD medication and its respectful mechanism of action                                               

•  Question 35   This medication cannot be used for more than 5 days, it is a non-steroidal, anti-inflammatory drug, and it is often substituted for morphine due to its rapid onset and high potency. What is this medication?            

•  Question 36   Of the following neurotransmitters, which one(s) are known to be severely disrupted in the disease Dementia with Lewy Bodies?

XVIII.     Acetylcholine

XIX.        Glutamate

XX.         Dopamine

XXI.        GABA

XXII.       Norepinephrine                                              

•  Question 37   Which enzyme does disulfiram inhibit leading to a build-up of the ethanol metabolite acetaldehyde?

•  Question 38   When can buprenorphine be initiated in a patient who is suffering from an opioid overdose?                    

•  Question 39   There are many different types of dementia. Which dementia is NOT a direct result of disrupted neurotransmitters, but a result of degeneration of different regions in the brain? Onset of the disease is typically before the age of 60, and very rare after the age of 75.                                

•  Question 40   Which medication is a selective alpha-adrenergic agonist that works by mimicking norepinephrine binding in the pre-frontal cortex, which makes it particularly useful in the treatment of ADHD?                                      

•  Question 41   A 59-year-old male has been admitted to the E. D. due to a methamphetamine overdose. The patient’s friend reported he ingested up to 2 grams because “he thought cops were coming to get him.” The patient’s vitals are all within normal limits, except his blood pressure is 180/110. What is the best recommendation to make at this time?                                        

•  Question 42   Which of the following drugs in the treatment of Alzheimer’s Disease helps normalize glutamate by antagonizing the NMDA receptor?                                          

•  Question 43   Which features are consistent with delirium?

XXIII.     Acute onset

XXIV.     Gradual onset

XXV.      Course of disease fluctuates

XXVI.     Course of diseases does not fluctuate

XXVII.    Impaired attention

XXVIII.  Normal attention                                            

•  Question 44   Which medication(s) requires a test dose to determine accurate use of the drug (i.e., how addicted the patient truly is on a certain drug) before beginning a titration schedule to withdrawal the patient?

XXIX.     Butalbital

XXX.       Lorazepam

XXXI.     Hydrocodone                                   

•  Question 45   Disorientation, tremor, hyperactivity, fever, hallucinations, marked wakefulness, and increased autonomic tone are all features that are consistent with which part of alcohol withdrawal?                                

•  Question 46   SSRIs can be used in alcohol use disorder and offer modest drinking reduction through an anti-craving effect.

•  Question 47   T. K. is a 72-year-old female who has suffered many strokes in the past, likely due to uncontrolled hypertension and hyperlipidemia. She has now been diagnosed with vascular dementia due to memory loss and motor system slowing. What is the recommended treatment for T. K.?                                              

•  Question 48   The patient is a 16-year-old girl with a past history of substance use disorder. She has been known to abuse prescription opioids and smokes one pack of cigarettes every day. She has been in and out of recovery for the past year. During her last admission into a recovery center, she was diagnosed with ADHD, which may have contributed to her addictive personality. She presents to your clinic today to initiate pharmacotherapy for her new diagnosis. What would you recommend in this patient? Her current weight is 55 kg.                                               

•  Question 49   Which of the following is the only Black Box Warning associated with the medication atomoxetine?

 •  Question 50  T. B. is a 55-year-old male who has diagnosed with type 2 diabetes 10+ years ago. He has since had complications from the disease and is suffering from severe neuropathy. On top of that, T. B. is struggling with his mental health and was recently told he could be depressed but he had refused treatment at that time. Besides getting his blood sugar under control, what medication(s) can we use that may be useful in helping T. B.?

XXXII.    Nortriptyline

XXXIII.   Venlafaxine

XXXIV.  Duloxetine

XXXV.    Fluoxetine                                         

•  Question 51When completing this exam, did you comply with Walden University’s Code of Conduct including the expectations for academic integrity?

 

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