UTA NURS3366 2021 October Module 5 Quiz Latest

NURS3366 Pathophysiologic Processes: Implications for Nursing

Module 5 Quiz

Question 1A patient presents to the ED with fever, chills, myalgia (muscle pain), and a dry cough.  He says he has recently traveled to China.   He says he got a flu shot a year ago. Which is most likely in this case? 

  This disease is pertussis, probably contracted from an unvaccinated contact when he visited China.

  The disease is probably not influenza, since he had a flu shot during last year’s flu season.

  The diagnosis is influenza, probably contracted via fecal/oral route while in China.

  The diagnosis is influenza, possibly contracted because patient did not have this year’s flu shot.

 Question 2The flu virus has the following characteristics: 

  The causative microbe can also cause a membrane across the pharynx.

  This disease is difficult to treat because of the antigenic drift of its exotoxin.

  Mutations of proteins on the causative organism’s viral cell envelope result in a different version each year.

   A later outbreak may include skin lesions in a dermatome pattern.

 Question 3A commonality of herpetic organisms that cause diseases like chicken pox and shingles is that

  each is caused by a bacterial organism that penetrates the nervous system.

   the causative microbe can remain dormant in the nervous system.

  the causative microbe causes bloody diarrhea.

  each is transmitted via vector. 

 Question 4An otherwise healthy person whose water supply comes from a well is more at risk for _____.

  giardia

  trichinosis

  c-diff

  cysticercosis

 Question 5A 4-year-old patient presents with bloody diarrhea.  Possible causes include _______ because_______

  shigella: the microbe has caused inflammation in the lining of the intestines.        

  pseudomembranous colitis: C. diff has eradicated normal flora.

  giardia: this protozoa invades the intestinal wall and causes necrosis.

  diphtheria: this bacteria causes parotid enlargement.

 Question 6After coming home from an overseas assignment, a young army officer begins complaining of extreme fatigue and arthralgia (joint pain).  He has a very high fever and shaking chills, and he is anemic. The most likely etiology of his S&S is

   infection with rabies virus.

  protozoal invasion of his RBCs

  Staph aureus-related cellulitis.

  Guinea worm infestation.

 Question 7A patient is diagnosed with a staph infection of the skin (cellulitis) and is prescribed a penicillin antibiotic. A week later, there has been no improvement of the symptoms. A specimen of the draining wound is collected by the nurse for culture. The nurse suspects MRSA (methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus).  Which protective personal equipment should the nurse utilize when handling wound exudate?

  a mask

  a mask and gloves

  gloves

  gloves and a gown

 Question 8A patient is diagnosed with a staph infection of the skin (cellulitis) and is prescribed a penicillin antibiotic. A week later, there has been no improvement of the symptoms. The wound culture is positive for MRSA (methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus).  Which option best describes the pathology of MRSA?

  A certain Staphylococcus aureus species developed a special bonding affinity with penicillin.

  The patient likely had a compromised immune system, as evidenced by the cellulitis.

  The Staph microbe mutated and developed beta-lactamase; rendering the antibiotic useless.

  Staphylococcus aureus is a microbe that does not respond to any kind of penicillin antibiotic.

 Question 9After three of weeks of being on strong antibiotics, a patient develops watery diarrhea.  Her stool is cultured. In this question’s context, what organism would you expect the stool culture to grow?

  MRSA

  VRE

  Salmonella

  C-diff

 Question 10A school nurse has identified varicella (chicken pox) in a student at an elementary school. Which information about this illness should the school nurse provide to the child’s parents?

  The child can return to school within two days as long as the child does not have a fever.

  Fluid-filled vesicles will be itchy but pose no threat of transmission.

  Varicella can be spread from a sneeze or cough before the vesicles erupt.

  Chicken pox is a deadly disease but can be prevented with a vaccine.

 Question 11A young woman presents to her nurse practitioner complaining of SOB and fatigue.  She states that her menstrual periods have been very heavy.  What is her most likely diagnosis and CBC results?

norm RBC count/L = 4-6million

norm MCV = 80-95

   macrocytic anemia; RBCs = 3 mill & MCV = 102.

   microcytic anemia; RBCs = 3 mill & MCV = 70.

   normocytic anemia; RBCs = 5 mill & MCV = 90.

  polycythemia vera; RBCs = 20 mill & MCV = 90.

 Question 12A young woman presents to her nurse practitioner complaining of SOB and fatigue.  From the patient’s history of heavy menstrual periods, identify a likely cause for this patient’s anemia.

  a malfunction in DNA during erythropoiesis causes inadequate ATP formation.

  an underlying chronic disease causes a sudden loss in RBCs.

  a steady loss of iron results in insufficient hemoglobin production.

  a malformed hemoglobin molecule that decreases oxygen-carrying capacity of each RBC.

 Question 13A young woman presents to her nurse practitioner because of a history of heavy menstrual periods. She is complaining of SOB and fatigue and is diagnosed with anemia.  Some form of hypoxemia (reduced blood O2) is likely present because ________.

  low levels of iron have decreased the O2-carrying capacity of her Hemoglobin (hgb)

  a secondary polycythemia has resulted from an underlying lung disease

  she is not breathing in enough oxygen, resulting in over-saturated Hgb molecules

  her heavy periods have led to a loss of Von Willebrand factor

 Question 14A young woman presents to her nurse practitioner complaining of SOB, fatigue and heavy periods and is diagnosed with anemia. CBC results are: RBCs = 3 mill & MCV = 70. Which treatment, with rationale, is likely?

norm RBC count/L = 4-6million

norm MCV = 80-95

  Iron (Fe) supplements will help the SOB by increasing the capacity of Hgb to carry O2.

  A well-rounded diet will provide nutrients to increase the production of intrinsic factor.

  Blood thinners will be prescribed to reduce the risk of blood clot formation.

  Injections of vitamin B12 to help increase the size of the RBC.

 Question 15A patient recently diagnosed with a vertebral fracture says, “I can’t understand how I broke it.  I sat down a little too hard, but not hard enough to break anything.”  His diagnosis is possibly _____ because _____.

  Leukemia: excessive, non-functional white blood cells increase risk for infection

  idiopathic thrombocytopenia purpura (ITP): the low platelet count causes increased risk of bleeding.

  anemia: suppression of bone marrow stem cell proliferation causes pancytopenia.

  multiple myeloma: increased osteoclastic activity causes osteoporosis.

 Question 16Which S&S are expected in a patient who is diagnosed with multiple myeloma?

  Multiple petechiae due to thrombosis.

  Leukocytosis due to infection and inflammation.

  Lethargy caused by hypercalcemia.

  Decreased production of clotting factors.

 Question 17A person notices ecchymosis under her skin in several areas of her body but denies any substantial trauma to those areas. The eccymosis could be related to the presence of the following EXCEPT:

   decreased clotting factors.

  compensatory erythrocytosis.

  hypersplenism.

  thrombocytopenia.

 Question 18A patient, recently diagnosed with leukemia, is admitted to the hospital for chemotherapy. Laboratory values for this patient would most likely reveal a _______________ presenting a risk for ___________.

  hypercalcemia; lethargy and weakness

  leukocytosis; ease of infection

  leukopenia; ease of infection

  thrombocytosis; easy bleeding

 Question 19Complications that can occur with polycythemia include ______________.

  Sequestration and subsequent destruction of all blood cell types

  Thrombosis and heart failure

  Petechiae, purpura and tarry stools

  RBC over-hemolysis and infection

 Question 20An elderly man presents to his nurse practitioner with SOB, fatigue and numbness and tingling to both feet. Upon assessment, the nurse notices a beefy red tongue. What is the likely diagnosis?

norm RBC count/L = 4-6million

norm MCV = 80-95

  macrocytic anemia; RBCs = 3 mill & MCV = 102.

  microcytic anemia; RBCs = 3 mill & MCV = 70.

  normocytic anemia; RBCs = 5 mill & MCV = 90.

  polycythemia vera; RBCs = 20 mill & MCV = 90.

 

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