UTA NURS3366 2021 October Module 10 Quiz Latest

NURS3366 Pathophysiologic Processes: Implications for Nursing

Module 10 Quiz

Question 1Which statement, by the patient, supports the diagnosis of multiple sclerosis (MS)?

  “I had a really bad case of the flu a few weeks ago.”

  “I think one of my coworkers was also just diagnosed with MS.”

  “I should have a full recovery from this illness in a few days.”

  “I thought only elderly women got this disease?”

 Question 2Which assessment finding is expected in a patient with multiple sclerosis (MS)?

  Cogwheel rigidity and dysarthria.

  Ascending paralysis of the lower extremities.

  Asymmetric muscle weakness and ataxia.

  Photophobia and phonophobia.

 Question 3The RN (registered nurse) is taking care of a patient with Parkinson’s disease (PD). Which assessment data support this diagnosis?

  Paresthesia and ataxia

  Dementia and emotional upset

  Drooping eyelid and muscle weakness

  Shuffling gait and mask-like facial expressions.

 Question 4A nurse reviewing the drug list of a Parkinson’s patient notes that he is on an anticholinergic drug. The nurse understands that the reason for the patient to be on this drug is most likely

  his increased risk of environmental allergies.

   to suppress some of the function of acetylcholine in the brain.

   to stimulate adrenergic receptors in the eyes.

  to decrease dopamine levels of the brain.

 Question 5A patient with myasthenia gravis (MG) is on a drug to block an enzyme called cholinesterase. This drug’s action will help the patient by decreasing the              

  amount of acetylcholine in neuromuscular junctions.

  build-up of senile plaques..

  effect of hypertonia.

   breakdown of acetylcholine in neuromuscular junctions.

 Question 6A patient, diagnosed with myasthenia gravis (MG), is complaining of diplopia and wants to know the reason for this ocular abnormality. The nurse demonstrates understanding of the disease and associated symptoms when he explains that

  “a lack of oxygen to your brain has caused swelling in the area of your optic nerve”.

  “the involuntary movements of your eye are caused by a lack of oxygen to a part of your brain”.

  “there is nothing wrong; you just have temporary pupillary constriction from the bright light”.

  “your disease decreases the strength of the eye muscles which can cause double vision”.

 Question 7A migraine abortive drug, such as Imitrex, will most likely be given in which situation?

  “I’ve had a migraine for hours—the pain is killing me.”

  “Nurse Ratchet, this patient is post-ictal.”

  “I’m having a pre-migraine aura, but it’s not bad.”

  “My dad’s memory is getting worse and worse.”

 Question 8A person diagnosed with meningitis will be at risk for

  increased intracranial pressure.

  decreased cerebral edema.

  a negative Kernig’s sign.

  motor tract decussation.

 Question 9CSF (cerebral spinal fluid) testing on a patient with fever and neck stiffness shows a high protein level.  This is most likely due to:

  leakage of protein into the CSF from traumatic injury.

  edema from an embolic stroke.

  the presence of bacteria in the CSF.

  the presence of amyloid in the CSF.

 Question 10Upon assessing his patient, a nurse notes hemiparesis of the right arm & leg and dysphasia which the patient states began 2 days ago. The nurse thinks it is most likely that the patient has had

  basal ganglion issues.

  a stroke involving the left hemisphere of the brain.

  a brain attack involving the right hemisphere of the brain.

   a TIA (transient ischemic attack) involving the left hemisphere of the brain.

 Question 11A patient has arrived in the emergency department after being successfully resuscitated by the EMS (emergency medical services). EMS personnel report that the patient has suffered from a prolonged period of pulselessness and apnea. Which assessment findings are expected in a patient who has suffered from a prolonged period of pulselessness?

  Bilateral decerebrate posturing and Cheyne-Stokes breathing pattern.

  Fixed and dilated pupils with a positive Babinski reflex of the right foot.

  Homonymous hemianopia of the right half of both eyes.

  Strong central reflexes with unilaterally absent peripheral reflexes.

 Question 12A patient has arrived in the emergency department after being successfully resuscitated by the EMS (emergency medical services). EMS personnel report that the patient has suffered from a prolonged period of pulselessness and apnea. Which option correctly identifies the pathophysiologic rationale for the nurse’s assessment findings in a patient who has suffered from a prolonged period of pulselessness?

  Diffuse brain and brain stem hypoxia have resulted in cellular edema and increased intracranial pressure (ICP).

  Diminished cardiac output have resulted in increased cerebral perfusion pressure (CPP) and decreased ICP.

  Bleeding in a brain hemisphere likely caused cellular inflammation and edema; abnormal reflex findings on the contralateral side of the arms and legs will be noted.

  Bleeding in a brain hemisphere likely caused cellular inflammation and edema; abnormal reflex findings on the ipsilateral side of the arms and legs will be noted.

 Question 13Which is true?

  An eye drop that constricts the pupils belongs in a medication category that mimics the effect of the sympathetic nervous system (sympathomimetic).

  An eye drop that causes miosis belongs in a sympathomimetic medication category.

  If an eye drop causes mydriasis, it has probably blocked the adrenergic effect of a cranial nerve.

  If an eye drop causes mydriasis, it has probably blocked the cholinergic effect of a cranial nerve.

 Question 14A patient states: “This headache began suddenly and is the worst headache I’ve ever experienced!”  The patient is also complaining of light intolerance and nausea and the nurse notices that they cannot hold their arms out in front of them at shoulder height without the left arm beginning to drift downward.  Based on these signs and symptoms, which statement is true?

  The patient may be having a hemorrhagic stroke and will need a CT scan.

  The patient may have Parkinson’s disease and has an increased risk for falling.

  The patient may have a migraine and need education about trigger avoidance.

  The patient may be having a transient ischemic attack; symptoms should resolve in a few hours.

 Question 15A nurse suspects that a patient is having a stroke.  Which of these choices reflects the first step in assessing a patient for a stroke?

  The nurse assesses the patient’s muscle strength and movement by asking them to push down on her hands with their feet.

  The nurse measures the patient’s vital signs and assesses the patient’s level of consciousness (LOC).

  The nurse looks at the patient’s face to assess for facial drooping and asks them to raise their eyebrows.

  The nurse assesses the patient for their ability to cough and swallow normally.

 Question 16A patient complains of severe vertigo and nausea. The RN notes the presence of nystagmus. Which of the following would be the most likely diagnosis?

   brain stem stroke.

  papilledema.

  age-related macular degeneration (AMD).

  cerebellar stroke.

 Question 17S&S of unconsciousness and unilateral decerebrate posturing would indicate

  a diffuse lesion involving edema throughout the brain. 

  a focal lesion involving an increase in ICP on one side of the brain.

  Alzheimer’s disease.

  multiple sclerosis.

 Question 18The RN (registered nurse) is assessing a patient who has been diagnosed with a left hemispheric brain attack (BA). Which clinical manifestations would the RN document?

  Hemiparesis of the left arm and aphasia.

  Hemiparesis of the right arm and dysphasia.

  Diplopia and ataxia.

  Inability to recognize family members and emotional lability.

 Question 19Which patient would the nurse identify as being most at risk for experiencing a brain attack?

HDL: High-density lipoprotein

LDL:  Low-density lipoprotein

  a 28-year-old who smokes 1 pack of cigarettes/day.

  a 70-year-old who exercises daily and has a low LDL.

  a 60-year-old who has a BP of 110/70 and a high HDL.

  a 40-year-old with poorly controlled diabetes and a BP of 150/90.

 Question 20A patient arrives in the ED (emergency department); a right hemispheric brain attack is suspected. Which nursing intervention would be supportive for this acute illness?

  Frequently assess their levels of consciousness (LOC).

  Keep the head of their bed/ED stretcher flat.

  Offer food and fluids immediately after their arrival.

  Approach the patient on their left side.

Explanation & Answer

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