Line Following Robot with Triangular Op Amps Project
Description
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Creating a line following robot using an IR
Schematic:
- IR LED:
- Connect the anode (longer lead) of the IR LED to a current limiting resistor (say, 220 ohms). The other end of the resistor is connected to Vcc (e.g., 5V or 3.3V depending on your components).
- Connect the cathode (shorter lead) of the IR
- Photodiodes:
- Photodiodes can be operated in photoconductive or photovoltaic modes. For this application, we will use the photoconductive mode.
- Connect the cathode (usually the longer lead) of both photodiodes to Vcc.
- Connect the anode (usually the shorter lead) of both photodiodes to the inverting input of their respective op-amps.
- Differential Op-Amps:
- For each photodiode, connect its anode to the inverting input of an op-amp.
- Connect a feedback resistor (Rf) from the output of the op-amp to its inverting input.
- Connect the non-inverting input of the op-amp to a reference voltage (usually half of Vcc, which can be obtained using a voltage divider).
- The output of each op-amp will then give a signal proportional to the amount of IR light detected by the respective photodiode.
- Microcontroller:
- Connect the outputs from both op-amps to two analog input pins on the microcontroller.
- Connect two of the microcontroller’s GPIO pins to a motor driver module to control the movement of the robot.
- Motor Driver and Motors:
- Use a motor driver module (like L293D or L298N) to control the direction and speed of the robot’s two motors.
- Connect the GPIO pins from the microcontroller to the input pins of the motor driver.
- Connect the motors to the output terminals of the motor driver.
use the triangular op amps for the drawing
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