I would like to have this browsed over and suggestions made if it…

I would like to have this browsed over and suggestions made if it ok

Having Trouble Meeting Your Deadline?

Get your assignment on I would like to have this browsed over and suggestions made if it… completed on time. avoid delay and – ORDER NOW

Do My Paper

All professions have a certain code of conduct that every employee or employer must observe. These ethical principles stipulate how a person should carry himself out and how to ensure effective service delivery to the client. In the medical profession, four ethical principles guide the practice. These are ;autonomy, beneficence, non-maleficence, and justice. In addition to these principles, nurses must abide by the four domains of the code of conduct. These are; practicing legally [This area is missing words or phrases that, if added, would make your writing more grammatically complete and clear to the reader. You lack a coordinating conjunction here, to link these related ideas together.]effectively, ensuring safety, upholding professional integrity, and fostering health and wellbeing. Succinctly speaking, ethics and the domains of code of conduct act as the reference guide for decisiomaking in healthcare practice. Abiding in these principles is the new norm following the rampancy of litigations concerning medical negligence. It is worth noting that some clinical scenarios may pose a conflict between the ethical principles (Gallagher, 2017). Such cases warrant critical thinking and an assertive decision-making process for the patient’s The main focus of this presentation will be on two ethical principles; autonomy and beneficence, and two domains of code of conduct; practicing effectively and promoting safety. Mr. Stephen Herczeg is a geriatric patient with multiple comorbidities. He is a former soccer player at the Australian national team and was admitted to Adelaide Queen’s Hospital following a fall, whereby he presented with hallucinations. He has a chronic lung condition and urinary tract infection secondary to urinary stasis. He feels overwhelmed by his clinical status and wishes to die. However, his son does not have the same desire. He hopes to see his father survive and live longer. At this point, the nurse is faced with the dilemma of observing autonomy while intervening appropriately to save the patient’s life. Autonomy refers to the rights competent adults have pertaining to their health and the decision to receive or forego treatment. It entails seeking permission from the patient before conducting any tests or giving any medication (Gallagher, 2017). However, there are some caveats penned to this principle. The patient must be of legal age, in the right state of mind, and devoid of any coercive forces. It is a prerequisite that the patient is adequately informed about his condition, the prognosis, and the consequences of his decision. The law obliges care providers or healthcare professionals to make treatment decisions on behalf of those with mental incapacity. In this scenario, Mr.Herczeg is not in the right mind to decide on his treatment options. There is a multiplicity of factors that curtails his autonomous right to health. First, his age is coupled with comorbidities and a flail [The word choice is inappropriate for the context. Review your exact intended meaning here, and ensure you have selected language carefully to convey this.]immune system. With aging, all processes in the body gradually regress, and mental function is not spared. Mr. Herczeg’s decision to die, and cut off any measures to sustain his life, maybe a sequela of the aging process. Furthermore, the history of the fall also impounds his reasoning ability since he presents with hallucinations. The patient also has a history of confusion secondary to hypercapnia. Mr. Herczeg could have retained too much carbon dioxide following unrestricted therapy with oxygen. The chronic lung condition, probably Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease (COPD), predisposes the patient to hypercapnia via ventilation-perfusion mismatch and the Haldane effect (Dave et al., 2021). The lung tends to perfuse in well-ventilated areas, as blood vessels in the poorly ventilated regions undergo vasoconstriction. Oxygen therapy in COPD patients reverses the vasoconstriction, and blood is shunted to these areas, which were poorly perfused previously. There is a resultant increase in dead space at the wellventilated alveoli, and thus the ventilation-perfusion mismatch. In contrast [This is effective signposting language, to indicate the relationships between ideas.], the Haldane effect arises due to the release of hydrogen ions which combine with bicarbonate to produce more carbon dioxide. Normally, deoxygenated blood binds carbon dioxide and hydrogen ions but releases them with the introduction of oxygen. The same phenomenon applies in the case of supplemental oxygen therapy (Dave et al., 2021). It is crystal clear that Mr. Heczeg’s treatment options lie in the hands of the nurse and his son. It suffices to say that the nurse has the mandate to breach the principle of autonomy in this case and accord treatment to the patient as per the son’s request. However, everything should be documented for future reference. The principle of beneficence obliges the nurse to work in the patient’s best interest and avert any harm that is to be incurred in the patient’s care. It differs from non-maleficence in that it is more comprehensive and does not only entail avoiding harm to the patient [A comma should be used to show introductory words, phrases and clauses in a sentence.]but also ensuring the patient reaps maximum benefits from the treatment modality (Wijaya et al., 2022). Beneficence conforms to altruism and is considered a way of giving back to society. As mentioned hitherto, most of the principles conflict with each other. It is a no-brainer that [Your tone is too informal here. every healthcare personnel has to define their primary duties to the patients and weigh out the risks and benefits before instituting treatment. Mr Herczeg has chronic urinary retention, probably due to benign prostatic hyperplasia common to his age group. Most elderly people are also predisposed to this condition due to polypharmacy. Some medications, such as tricyclic antidepressants and Nonsteroidal Antiinflammatory Drugs (NSAIDs), are often culpable in some scenarios (Billet & Windsor, 2019). The stasis has, in turn, contributed to urinary tract infection, which may present with dysuria, incontinence, flank and back pain, hematuria, fever, nausea, and vomiting. The initial management protocol for chronic urinary retention is catheterization to decompress the bladder. However, catheterization also has its complications. These include; acting as a conduit for ascending infection, injury to the urethra, bladder trauma, and spasm. In this instance, the nurse has to outweigh the benefits over the risks. It involves more beneficence than non-maleficence. The nurse has to catheterize the patient to relieve discomfort. However, she has to do it gently and use a lubricant to prevent traumatic urethral injury. In addition, she has to observe aseptic techniques to avoid introducing new pathogens into the body of the host, who is already immunocompromised (Billet & Windsor, 2019). The catheter should also be changed regularly to mitigate the chances of bacteria adhering to its surface. Silver-alloy impregnated catheters have less UTI transmission rates than the standard ones. Definitive treatment modalities for chronic urinary retention include surgery and medication depending on the etiology. Beneficence and autonomy may also conflict with each other. Reiterating earlier sentiments on treatment to Mr. Herczeg even though refusal of treatment may be paternalistic since beneficence is given primacy over autonomy.  Paternalism can either be soft or hard. The former entails the nurse prioritizing beneficence if the patient is non or substantially autonomous, e.g., in mental ailments (Wijaya et al., 2022). It is difficult to prove whether the patient could not fully make the appropriate decision at the time of treatment. However, the nurse can defend herself if she believes her ethical values are in tandem with the patients. In contrast, hard paternalism involves the physician providing all information regarding available treatment options to the patient. The patient has to choose from the mentioned options only. Hard paternalism is synonymous with consumerism. All nurses must practice effectively to realize improved patient outcomes. Practicing effectively entails an assortment of factors, including; punctuality, effective communication, rapid assessment of different patients’ needs, interpretation of laboratory results, advising patients on treatment, and evidence-based practice. A nurse must keep abreast with changes in the medical sector and offer relevant health information to the patient. The information must be relayed precisely and transparently to avoid confusion or errors. Nurses are also the first caregivers the patients interact with at the hospital. Therefore, they should be keen during triage to identify severely ill patients and act rapidly, instituting the best treatment option. Every second counts in medicine, and any time wasted narrows the chances of survival. It [is imperative for nurses to whistle blow if they are being intimidated to do something not within their jurisdiction or whe. Confidentiality may be breached in cases of rape or gunshot wounds, whereby nurses are obliged to report to the authority regarding the mishaps (Oldland et al., 2020). Nurses must also take care when prescribing medicine to prevent over or under dosages. They can refer to preexisting guidelines in cases of doubt. All medications must be stored securely, especially out of reach of patients with suicidal tendencies. In conclusion, ethics and code of conduct are essential in medical practice. Nurses play a crucial role in this sector as they can multi-task as educators, caregivers, counselors, and leaders. All and sundry must recognize the indispensable role of nurses in society and work in tandem to ensure that both patients and nurses have a win-win situation. Recovery of the patient usually translates to the joy of the nurse since this profession is a calling. 

Our website has a team of professional writers who can help you write any of your homework. They will write your papers from scratch. We also have a team of editors just to make sure all papers are of HIGH QUALITY & PLAGIARISM FREE. To make an Order you only need to click Order Now and we will direct you to our Order Page at Litessays. Then fill Our Order Form with all your assignment instructions. Select your deadline and pay for your paper. You will get it few hours before your set deadline.